Exhaust system for a work vehicle

ABSTRACT

An exhaust system for a work vehicle includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) mixer configured to be disposed within an interior of an SCR housing. The SCR mixer includes an intake conduit configured to receive a flow of an exhaust solution that includes a mixture of exhaust and diesel exhaust fluid. The SCR mixer also includes a J-turn conduit configured to receive the flow of the exhaust solution from the intake conduit, and the J-turn conduit is configured to change a direction of the flow of the exhaust solution. In addition, the SCR mixer includes an exhaust conduit configured to receive the flow of the exhaust solution from the J-turn conduit, and the exhaust conduit includes multiple outlets configured to direct the flow of the exhaust solution out of the SCR mixer to the interior of the SCR housing.

BACKGROUND

The present disclosure relates generally to work vehicles (e.g.,agricultural vehicles) with diesel engines, and more particularly, to anexhaust system configured to reduce emissions from a diesel engine of awork vehicle.

Certain work vehicles (e.g., agricultural vehicles) are powered bydiesel engines, which burn diesel fuel and produce exhaust gas. Theexhaust gas may include undesirable byproducts such as nitrogen oxides(NOx), carbon monoxide, and particulate material. Certain work vehiclesinclude an exhaust system that reduces the concentration of theundesired byproducts. Traditional exhaust systems may spray a dieselexhaust fluid (DEF) collinearly within the flow of exhaust gas oragainst a wall of a mixer. Government regulations have reduced theacceptable concentrations of the byproducts within the exhaust gas,particularly in relation to NOx. The traditional exhaust systems may notbe able to satisfy new or future regulatory limits. These newregulations urge more efficient methods of regulating exhaust gaseswhile minimizing the packaging size of the exhaust system to reduce theimpact on the design of the entire vehicle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

In one embodiment, an exhaust system for a work vehicle includes aselective catalytic reduction (SCR) mixer configured to be disposedwithin an interior of an SCR housing. The SCR mixer includes an intakeconduit configured to receive a flow of an exhaust solution thatincludes a mixture of exhaust and diesel exhaust fluid. The SCR mixeralso includes a J-turn conduit configured to receive the flow of theexhaust solution from the intake conduit, and the J-turn conduit isconfigured to change a direction of the flow of the exhaust solution. Inaddition, the SCR mixer includes an exhaust conduit configured toreceive the flow of the exhaust solution from the J-turn conduit, andthe exhaust conduit includes multiple outlets configured to direct theflow of the exhaust solution out of the SCR mixer to the interior of theSCR housing.

In another embodiment, an exhaust system for a work vehicle includes aselective catalytic reduction (SCR) mixer configured to be disposedwithin an interior of an SCR housing. The SCR mixer includes an inletconfigured to receive a flow of an exhaust solution that includes amixture of exhaust and diesel exhaust fluid. The SCR mixer also includesan intake conduit configured to receive the flow of the exhaust solutionfrom the inlet. Further, the SCR mixer includes multiple J-turn conduitsconfigured to receive the flow of the exhaust solution from the intakeconduit, and each of the multiple J-turn conduits is configured tochange a direction of the flow of the exhaust solution. In addition, theSCR mixer includes multiple exhaust conduits each configured to receivethe flow of the exhaust solution from a respective one of the multipleJ-turn conduits. Each of the multiple exhaust conduits includes multipleoutlets configured to direct the flow of the exhaust solution out of theSCR mixer to the interior of SCR housing.

In a further embodiment, an exhaust system for a work vehicle includes aselective catalytic reduction (SCR) housing that includes an SCR moduleconfigured to be disposed within an interior of the SCR housing and anSCR mixer configured to be disposed within the interior of an SCRhousing. The SCR mixer includes an inlet configured to receive a flow ofan exhaust solution that includes a mixture of exhaust and dieselexhaust fluid. The SCR mixer also includes an intake conduit configuredto receive the flow of the exhaust solution from the inlet. Further, theSCR mixer includes multiple J-turn conduits configured to receive theflow of the exhaust solution from the intake conduit. Each of theplurality of J-turn conduits is configured to change the direction ofthe flow of the exhaust solution by approximately 180 degrees. Inaddition, the SCR mixer includes multiple exhaust conduits eachconfigured to receive the flow of the exhaust solution from a respectiveone of the multiple J-turn conduits. Each of the multiple exhaustconduits include multiple outlets configured to direct the flow of theexhaust solution out of the SCR mixer and substantially parallel to atop surface of the SCR module.

DRAWINGS

These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the presentdisclosure will become better understood when the following detaileddescription is read with reference to the accompanying drawings in whichlike characters represent like parts throughout the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a work vehicle whichincludes an exhaust system for a diesel engine;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an exhaust system thatmay be employed within the work vehicle of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a diesel oxidationcatalyst assembly and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) assemblythat may be employed within the exhaust system of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an SCR mixer that maybe utilized within the SCR assembly of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a diesel oxidationcatalyst assembly and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) assemblythat may be employed within the exhaust system of FIG. 2; and

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an SCR mixer that maybe utilized in the SCR assembly of FIG. 5.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

One or more specific embodiments of the present disclosure will bedescribed below. In an effort to provide a concise description of theseembodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not bedescribed in the specification. It should be appreciated that in thedevelopment of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering ordesign project, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be madeto achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance withsystem-related and business-related constraints, which may vary from oneimplementation to another. Moreover, it should be appreciated that sucha development effort might be complex and time consuming, but wouldnevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, andmanufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of thisdisclosure.

When introducing elements of various embodiments of the presentdisclosure, the articles “a,” “an,” “the,” and “said” are intended tomean that there are one or more of the elements. The terms “comprising,”“including,” and “having” are intended to be inclusive and mean thatthere may be additional elements other than the listed elements. Anyexamples of operating parameters and/or environmental conditions are notexclusive of other parameters/conditions of the disclosed embodiments.

Various embodiments of the present disclosure include an exhaust systemfor a diesel engine of a work vehicle (e.g., an agricultural vehicle).As regulations regarding exhaust emissions continue to become morestringent regarding the concentration of expelled byproducts (e.g.,nitrogen oxides), manufacturers strive to produce more effective andefficient exhaust systems. Certain exhaust systems are configured tointroduce a sprayed fluid (e.g., DEF) into the diesel exhaust. Someexhaust systems spray the DEF collinearly with the flow of exhaust,thereby creating a distribution of the DEF within the exhaust that is atleast partially non-uniform. As discussed in detail below, the exhaustsystem of the present disclosure includes a mixer that mixes dieselexhaust with the DEF. Because the mixer provides a substantially uniformand efficient mixture of DEF and exhaust gas, the mixer may cause theexhaust system to emit lower emissions than that of current exhaustsystems. Additionally, the efficient mixing of DEF and exhaust gasenables the exhaust system to use less DEF, thereby reducing the cost tooperate the exhaust system. Further, because of the compact design, themixer may be disposed within a housing of another exhaust systemcomponent (e.g., diesel oxidation catalyst housing or selectivecatalytic reduction housing). Furthermore, in various embodiments of thepresent disclosure, the exhaust system reduces the amount ofbackpressure across the exhaust system, thereby increasing theefficiency of the engine. The engine efficiency is increased bydirecting more of the engine's power to rotational motion rather thansiphoning power to force exhaust gas through the exhaust system. Byincreasing engine efficiency, the engine may provide more power to thework vehicle while consuming less fuel, thereby further decreasingemissions.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a work vehicle 10 whichincludes an exhaust system for a diesel engine. In certain embodiments,the work vehicle 10 may be a tractor, off-road vehicle, agriculturalwork vehicle, or any other suitable vehicle that may include an exhaustsystem for a diesel engine. The illustrated work vehicle 10 has a body12 that may house an engine (e.g., diesel engine), transmission, coolingsystem, and power train. The body 12 also houses a portion of an exhaustsystem 14. Further, the work vehicle 10 has a cabin 16 where an operatormay sit or stand to operate the work vehicle 10. The work vehicle 10 hastwo front wheels 18 and two rear wheels 20 that rotate to move the workvehicle 10. In certain embodiments, the work vehicle 10 is maneuveredusing a steering wheel 22 that causes the front wheels 18 to turn. Asillustrated, the front wheels 18 are coupled to an axle 24 (e.g., fixedor suspended) that supports the front wheels 18, and facilitates wheelrotation. The exhaust system 14 may be routed around various systemswithin the body 12, such as a cooling system. The exhaust system 14includes an exhaust pipe 26 which carries the exhaust gas away from thebody, and directs the exhaust gas away from the cabin 16.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an exhaust system 14 thatmay be employed within the work vehicle of FIG. 1. In the illustratedembodiment, an engine 30 expels exhaust gas 32 to the exhaust system 14.In the illustrated embodiment, the exhaust system 14 includes a dieseloxidation catalyst (DOC) assembly 33 having a housing 34 containing aDOC 36 and a DOC mixer 38. The exhaust system 14 also includes aninjector 40 for injecting diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) 42 into the mixer38. The exhaust system 15 also includes a selective catalytic reduction(SCR) housing 44 containing an SCR mixer 39 and an SCR module 46.Certain embodiments of the exhaust system 14 may additionally include adiesel particulate filter to capture particulate matter, a muffler, orany other element suitable for use in an exhaust system.

The DOC housing 34 receives exhaust gas 32, and directs the exhaust gas32 into the DOC 36. The DOC 36 receives the exhaust and catalyzes theoxidization of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide by using excess oxygenin the exhaust gas 32. Similarly, the DOC 36 uses excess oxygen tocatalyze the conversion of hydrocarbons to water and carbon dioxide. Incertain embodiments, the DOC 36 may use ceramics, metals (e.g.,platinum, palladium, etc.), or other suitable catalysts to catalyze theoxidization of the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide molecules. Thus, theDOC 36 receives raw exhaust gas 32 and outputs catalyzed exhaust 48 withreduced concentrations of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide. The DOChousing 34 directs the exhaust 48 to the DOC mixer 38, which is enclosedwithin the DOC housing 34. The DOC mixer 38 receives the DEF 42 from theinjector 40, in addition to the exhaust 48 from the DOC 36. In certainembodiments, the exhaust system 14 includes a tank for containing theDEF 42, and supplying the DEF to the injector 40. Alternatively, theinjector 40 may include a tank 54 containing DEF 42. In furtherembodiments, the tank 54 containing the DEF 42 may be remote from theinjector 40.

The injector 40 sprays the DEF 42 into the exhaust 48 within the DOCmixer 38. The DEF 42 is a solution used to aid in the reduction of NOxfrom the exhaust 48. For example, in certain embodiments, the DEF 42 maybe an aqueous urea solution which undergoes thermal decomposition andhydrolysis within the exhaust system 14 to produce ammonia, which theSCR uses to convert the NOx into nitrogen and water. The DOC mixer 38provides an initial mixing of the exhaust 48 and the DEF 42. Then, theexhaust and DEF mixture travels to the SCR housing 44 and passes throughthe SCR mixer 39 that provides additional mixing to the exhaust 48 andDEF 42. Thus, the SCR mixer 39 supplies well-mixed exhaust solution 50to the SCR module 46. The SCR module 46 receives the exhaust solution 50and uses the distributed DEF 42 to reduce the NOx concentration in theexhaust gas. Finally, the SCR module 46 outputs processed exhaust 52with a reduced NOx concentration through the exhaust pipe 26 to bereleased into the atmosphere.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a DOC assembly 33 and aSCR assembly that may be used within the exhaust system of FIG. 2. Asthe exhaust 48 in the DOC housing 34 enters the DOC mixer 38, DEF 42 issprayed by the injector 40 into the DOC mixer 38 through a DEF nozzle60. The DEF nozzle 60 causes the DEF 42 to be sprayed as a mist (e.g.,droplets, aerosol, etc.) into the DOC mixer 38 to improve the mixing ofthe DEF 42 and the exhaust 48. Further, the DOC mixer 38 may increasethe turbulence of the DEF and exhaust flow to further increase themixing of the DEF 42 and the exhaust 48 to produce the well-mixedexhaust solution 50. Then, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 travelsthrough a J-tube 62 before entering the SCR housing 44. The J-tube 62enables the DEF 42 in the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 to fullyevaporate and further mix with the exhaust 48 to further increase theperformance of the catalyst within the SCR housing 44.

After entering the SCR housing 44, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50travels through the SCR mixer 39 before interacting with the SCR module46. Within the SCR mixer 39, the mixture may pass through holes ofvarious shapes and sizes to further increase the mixing of the DEF 42and the exhaust 48. Further, the SCR mixer 39 may increase theturbulence of the flow of the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 which mayincrease the effectiveness of the SCR module 46. After the well-mixedexhaust solution 50 passes through the SCR mixer 39, the well-mixedexhaust solution 50 interacts with the SCR module 46, which decreasesthe NOx concentration of the well-mixed exhaust solution 50.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an SCR mixer 39 thatmay be utilized within the SCR assembly of FIG. 3. The SCR mixer 39provides further mixing of the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 andincreases the turbulence of the flow of the well-mixed exhaust solution50. The well-mixed exhaust solution 50 flows from the J-tube 62 and intothe SCR mixer 39 at an SCR mixer inlet 76. Then, the well-mixed exhaustsolution 50 flows through an SCR mixer body 80 of the SCR mixer 39 in alongitudinal direction 86. Next, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50flows out of the SCR mixer body 80 through outlets 84. An end cap 82 isincluded at an opposite longitudinal end 92 of the mixer body 80 fromthe inlet 76 such that the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 may exit theSCR mixer body 80 through the outlets 84 only.

The SCR mixer 39 is physically coupled to the J-tube 62 at the inlet 76.For example, the SCR mixer 39 may be non-rotatably coupled to the J-tube62 (e.g., via welds or bolts), or the SCR mixer 39 may be rotatablycoupled to the J-tube 62 (e.g., via threads). Further, the SCR mixer 39has an approximately circular cross-section that remains substantiallyconstant along a length 94 in the longitudinal direction 86. In someembodiments, the cross-section of the SCR mixer 39 may vary along thelength 94. For example, the cross-section may change shapes from acircular cross-section to another shape (e.g., an ellipsoid, triangular,a quadrilateral, etc.), or the cross-section may be a constant shapethat is non-circular (e.g., an ellipsoid, triangular, a quadrilateral,etc.). In some embodiments, the cross-section of the SCR mixer 39 maymaintain substantially the same shape, but the diameter of theapproximately circular cross-section may increase or decrease along thelength 94. Further, the end cap 82 is physically coupled to the SCRmixer body 80 at the end 92. The end cap 82 may be non-rotatably coupledto the SCR mixer body 80 (e.g., via welds or bolts), or the end cap 82may be rotatably coupled to the SCR mixer body 80 (e.g., via threads).In some embodiments, the end cap 82 may be integral with the SCR mixerbody 80.

In the present embodiment, the outlets 84 are located in a centralportion 96 of the SCR mixer body 80. For example, the longitudinalcentral portion 96 may be approximately centered between the inlet 76and the end 92 along the longitudinal axis 86, and the central portion96 may extend along approximately 10 percent, 20 percent, 30 percent, 40percent, 50 percent, 60 percent, or more of the length 94. In someembodiments, the central portion 96 may not be centered between theinlet 76 and the end 92 along the longitudinal axis 86. For example, thecentral portion 96 may be closer to the inlet 76 or the end 92.Including the openings in a central portion may increase the time themixture spends in the SCR mixer body 80, which may enable additionalmixing to occur, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the SCR modules46.

In the present embodiment, the outlets 84 are slots extending about thelongitudinal axis 86 along the surface of the SCR mixer body 80. Theoutlets 84 are arranged such that the well-mixed exhaust solution 50flowing out of the outlets 84 does not flow directly toward the SCRmodules 46, which creates a longer path to the SCR modules 46, whichincreases mixing, which improves the efficiency of the SCR modules 46.For example, the outlets 84 may direct the well-mixed exhaust solution50 in a direction substantially parallel (e.g., within 30 degrees,within 25 degrees, within 20 degrees, within 15 degrees, within 10degrees, within 5 degrees, or less) to the top surface of the SCRmodules 46 facing the SCR mixer 39. Accordingly, each outlet 84 extendsonly partially in a circumferential direction 89, such as 10 degrees, 15degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 45 degrees, or more degreesalong the surface of the SCR mixer body 80. In the present embodiment, astrip 98 is included in between the outlets 84 along the circumferentialdirection 89, and the strip 98 provides additional strength to the SCRmixer body 80. In some embodiments, the strip 98 may be excluded. Theoutlets 84 may also be directed to sides along the lateral axis 88.Further, the outlets 84 may include any suitable shape, includingcircles, ellipsoids, triangles, quadrilaterals, etc. In someembodiments, the SCR mixer body 80 may include and suitably number ofoutlets 84, including 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, etc.

In the present embodiment, the outlets 84 are disposed in two rows, andeach row of outlets 84 extends in the longitudinal direction 86.Further, the outlets 84 are disposed as a mirror image on each lateralside of the mixer body 80. In some embodiments, the outlets 84 may bedisposed in more or less rows, including 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, or more rows.Further, in some embodiments, the outlets 84 may be not be equallydisposed on lateral sides of the mixer body 80. For example, one sidemay have more or fewer rows of outlets 84, more or fewer outlets 84,and/or one side may include no outlets 84. Further, the outlets 84 ofeach row are approximately evenly spaced from one another. In someembodiments, the outlets 84 of certain rows may have uneven spacing.Further, in some embodiments, the outlets 84 may be separated intogroups of outlets 84. For example, one group of outlets 84 may beclosely spaced to one another (e.g., closer to an end 92) and a secondgroup of outlets 84 may be spaced further from one another (e.g., closerto the inlet 76). Utilizing slots for the outlets 84 enables the SCRmixer 39 to include a fewer number of outlets 84 which also providesincreased control and predictability over the flow and mixing of thewell-mixed exhaust solution 50. Bigger openings, as compared to theslots, reduces speed of the mixture, reduces control of the flow of themixture, and increases uncertainty in the flow path of the mixture.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a DOC assembly 33 and aSCR assembly that may be used within the exhaust system of FIG. 2. Asthe exhaust 48 in the DOC housing 34 enters the DOC mixer 38, DEF 42 issprayed by the injector 40 into the DOC mixer 38 through a DEF nozzle60. The DEF nozzle 60 causes the DEF 42 to be sprayed as a mist (e.g.,droplets, aerosol, etc.) into the DOC mixer 38 to improve the mixing ofthe DEF 42 and the exhaust 48. Further, the DOC mixer 38 may increasethe turbulence of the DEF and exhaust flow to further increase themixing of the DEF 42 and the exhaust 48 to produce the well-mixedexhaust solution 50.

Then, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 enters the SCR housing 44.After entering the SCR housing 44, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50travels through the SCR mixer 39 before interacting with the SCR module46. In some embodiments, the DOC mixer 38 and the SCR mixer 39 may becoaxial and/or parallel to one another. Within the SCR mixer 39, themixture may pass through holes of various shapes and sizes to furtherincrease the mixing of the DEF 42 and the exhaust 48. Further, the SCRmixer 39 may increase the turbulence of the flow of the well-mixedexhaust solution 50 which may increase the effectiveness of the SCRmodule 46. After the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 passes through theSCR mixer 39, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 interacts with the SCRmodule 46, which decreases the NOx concentration of the well-mixedexhaust solution 50.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an SCR mixer 39 thatmay be utilized within the SCR assembly of FIG. 5. The SCR mixer 39provides further mixing of the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 andincreases the turbulence of the flow of the well-mixed exhaust solution50. The well-mixed exhaust solution 50 flows from the DOC mixer 38 intothe SCR mixer 39 at an SCR mixer inlet 77. Then, the well-mixed exhaustsolution 50 flows into a conduit of a closed central portion 110 of theSCR mixer 39 that has a smaller diameter than the SCR mixer inlet 77.For example, the diameter of the closed central portion 110 may be 90percent, 80 percent, 70 percent, 60 percent, 50 percent, 40 percent, 30percent, 20 percent, or less than the diameter at the SCR mixer inlet77. The well-mixed exhaust solution 50 flows through J-turn conduits112, which have a smaller diameter than the closed central portion 110.For example, the diameter of the J-turn conduits 112 may be 90 percent,80 percent, 70 percent, 60 percent, 50 percent, 40 percent, 30 percent,20 percent, or less than the diameter of the closed central portion 110.Next, the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 flows through outlet sectionconduits 114, and out of the outlet section conduits 114 through outlets116. Further, the SCR mixer 39 is closed at ends 118 such that the onlyexit for the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 is through the outlets 116.

The SCR mixer 39 is physically coupled to the DOC mixer 38 at the SCRmixer inlet 77. For example, the SCR mixer 39 may be non-rotatablycoupled to the DOC mixer 38 (e.g., via welds or bolts), or the SCR mixer39 may be rotatably coupled to the DOC mixer 38 (e.g., via threads).Further, each of the closed central portion 110, the J-turn conduits112, and the outlet section conduits 114 have substantially circularcross-section that remains substantially constant along the longitudinalaxis 86. In some embodiments, the cross-section of at least one conduitmay vary along the longitudinal axis 86. For example, the cross-sectionmay change shapes from a circular cross-section to another shape (e.g.,an ellipsoid, triangular, a quadrilateral, etc.), or the cross-sectionmay be a constant shape that is non-circular (e.g., an ellipsoid,triangular, a quadrilateral, etc.). In some embodiments, thecross-section along one or more of the conduits may maintainsubstantially the same shape, but the diameter of the cross-section mayincrease or decrease along the longitudinal axis 86.

The present embodiment includes two J-turn conduits 112 and twocorresponding outlet section conduits 114. In some embodiments, the SCRmixer 39 may include more or fewer J-turn conduits 112 and acorresponding number of outlet section conduits 114, such as 1, 3, 4, 5,6, or more J-turn conduits and outlet section conduits. Further, theremay be more J-turn conduits 112 than outlet section conduits 114. Forexample, more J-turn conduits 112 may be included to increase the lengthof time the well-mixed exhaust solution 50 spends in the SCR mixer 39before exiting through the outlets. Further, in some embodiments, theJ-turn conduits 112 may turn at an angle other than 180 degrees, such as120 degrees, 150 degrees, 210 degrees, 240 degrees, or any othersuitable angle.

In the present embodiment, the outlets 116 are located along asubstantial portion of the longitudinal extent of each outlet sectionconduit 114. For example, the outlets 116 may be located alongapproximately 70 percent, 80 percent, 90 percent, or more of thelongitudinal extent of the outlet section conduits 114. In the presentembodiment, the outlets 116 are slots extending in the circumferentialdirection 89 along the surface of the outlet section conduits 114. Theoutlets 116 are arranged such that the well-mixed exhaust solution 50flowing out of the outlets 116 does not flow directly toward the SCRmodules 46. For example, the outlets 116 may direct the well-mixedexhaust solution 50 in a direction substantially parallel (e.g., within30 degrees, within 25 degrees, within 20 degrees, within 15 degrees,within 10 degrees, within 5 degrees, or less) to the top surface of theSCR modules 46 facing the SCR mixer 39, which increases the mixing timewhich leads to better mixing, thereby improving the efficiency of theSCR modules 46. In addition, each outlet 116 extends only partiallyabout the longitudinal axis 86 in the circumferential direction 89, suchas 10 degrees, 15 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 35 degrees, 45degrees, or more along the surface of each outlet section conduit 114.Further, the outlets 116 are disposed as a mirror image on each lateralside of each outlet section conduit 114. In some embodiments, theoutlets 116 may be disposed in more or fewer rows, including 1, 3, 4, 5,6, or more rows. Further, in some embodiments, the outlets 116 may benot be equally disposed on lateral sides of each outlet section conduit114. For example, one side may have more or fewer rows of outlets 116,more or fewer outlets 116, and/or one or more sides of the outletsection conduits 114 may include no outlets 116.

In the present embodiment, a strip 120 is included in between rows ofthe outlets 116, and the strip 120 provides additional strength to theSCR mixer body 80. In some embodiments, the strip 120 may be excludedand the outlets 116 may be arranged in a single row. Further, theoutlets 116 may include any suitable shape, including circles,ellipsoids, triangles, quadrilaterals, etc. In the present embodiment,the outlets 116 are arranged in groups, and the outlets within eachgroup are substantially evenly spaced from one another along thelongitudinal axis 86. Space between groups along the longitudinal axis86 may be greater, than space between outlets 116 within the same group.Having some spaces between the groups of outlets 116 improves thestrength and stability of each outlet section conduit 114. In someembodiments, the outlets 116 may have uneven longitudinal spacing withineach group. In some embodiments, the outlets 116 of one group may beclosely spaced along the longitudinal axis (e.g., a group closer to theSCR mixer inlet 77), and the outlets 116 of a second group may be morewidely spaced (e.g., closer to the end 118). Because the illustrated SCRmixer 39 includes the closed central portion 110 and the J-turn conduits112, the J-tube depicted in FIG. 3 may be omitted, thereby decreasingthe size and/or weight of the exhaust system without decreasing the NOxreduction of the exhaust system. For example, the closed central portion110 and the J-turn conduits 112 provide extra time and distance for theDEF and exhaust to mix, thereby enabling the omission of the J-tube.Further, omission of the J-tube may enable the illustrated SCR mixer 39to be coaxial (e.g., along the longitudinal axis 86) with the DOC mixer.

While only certain features and embodiments have been illustrated anddescribed, many modifications and changes may occur to those skilled inthe art (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes andproportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g.,temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials,orientations, etc.)) without materially departing from the novelteachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in the claims. Itis, therefore, to be understood that the appended claims are intended tocover all such modifications and changes as fall within the true spiritof the disclosure. Furthermore, in an effort to provide a concisedescription of the embodiments, all features of an actual implementationmay not have been described (i.e., those unrelated to the presentlycontemplated best mode of carrying out the disclosure, or thoseunrelated to enabling the claimed disclosure). It should be appreciatedthat in the development of any such actual implementation, as in anyengineering or design project, numerous implementation specificdecisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex andtime consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking ofdesign, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill havingthe benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.

The invention claimed is:
 1. An exhaust system for a work vehiclecomprising: a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) mixer configured to bedisposed within an interior of an SCR housing, wherein the SCR mixercomprises: an intake conduit configured to receive a flow of an exhaustsolution that includes a mixture of exhaust and diesel exhaust fluid; aplurality of J-turn conduits configured to receive the flow of theexhaust solution from the intake conduit, wherein each of the pluralityof J-turn conduits is configured to change a direction of the flow ofthe exhaust solution; and a plurality of exhaust conduits eachconfigured to receive the flow of the exhaust solution from a respectiveone of the plurality of J-turn conduits, wherein each of the pluralityof exhaust conduits comprises a plurality of outlets configured todirect the flow of the exhaust solution out of the SCR mixer to theinterior of the SCR housing.
 2. The exhaust system of claim 1, whereinthe SCR mixer is configured to be coaxial with a second mixer of theexhaust system.
 3. The exhaust system of claim 1, wherein the intakeconduit, the plurality of J-turn conduits, and the plurality of exhaustconduits are integrally formed with one another.
 4. The exhaust systemof claim 1, wherein the intake conduit, the plurality of J-turnconduits, and the plurality of exhaust conduits have a substantiallycircular cross-section.
 5. The exhaust system of claim 1, wherein afirst cross-sectional area of the intake conduit, a secondcross-sectional area of the plurality of J-turn conduits, and a thirdcross-sectional area of the plurality of exhaust conduits are differentfrom one another.
 6. The exhaust system of claim 1, wherein theplurality of outlets are distributed along at least 80 percent of alongitudinal extent of each of the plurality of exhaust conduits.
 7. Theexhaust system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of outlets areconfigured to direct the flow of the exhaust solution in a substantiallyparallel direction with respect to a top surface of an SCR module. 8.The exhaust system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of outletsforms a slot that extends at least 10 degrees about a longitudinal axis.9. The exhaust system of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality ofJ-turn conduits is configured to change the direction of the flow of theexhaust solution by approximately 180 degrees.
 10. An exhaust system fora work vehicle comprising: a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) mixerconfigured to be disposed within an interior of an SCR housing, whereinthe SCR mixer comprises: an inlet configured to receive a flow of anexhaust solution that includes a mixture of exhaust and diesel exhaustfluid; an intake conduit configured to receive the flow of the exhaustsolution from the inlet; a plurality of J-turn conduits configured toreceive the flow of the exhaust solution from the intake conduit,wherein each of the plurality of J-turn conduits is configured to changea direction of the flow of the exhaust solution; and a plurality ofexhaust conduits each configured to receive the flow of the exhaustsolution from a respective one of the plurality of J-turn conduits,wherein each of the plurality of exhaust conduits comprises a pluralityof outlets configured to direct the flow of the exhaust solution out ofthe SCR mixer to the interior of SCR housing.
 11. The exhaust system ofclaim 10, wherein the SCR mixer is configured to be coaxial with asecond mixer of the exhaust system.
 12. The exhaust system of claim 10,wherein the inlet, the intake conduit, the plurality of J-turn conduits,and the plurality of exhaust conduits are integrally formed with oneanother.
 13. The exhaust system of claim 10, wherein the plurality ofoutlets are distributed along at least 80 percent of a longitudinalextent of each of the plurality of exhaust conduits.
 14. The exhaustsystem of claim 10, wherein the plurality of outlets are configured todirect the flow of the exhaust solution in a substantially paralleldirection with respect to a top surface of an SCR module.
 15. Theexhaust system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of exhaust conduitsincludes two exhaust conduits disposed on opposing lateral sides of theintake conduit, and each of the two exhaust conduits are parallel to oneanother with respect to a longitudinal axis.
 16. The exhaust system ofclaim 15, wherein each of the plurality of J-turn conduits is configuredto change the direction of the flow of the exhaust solution byapproximately 180 degrees.
 17. An exhaust system for a work vehiclecomprising: a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) housing comprising: anSCR module configured to be disposed within an interior of the SCRhousing; and an SCR mixer configured to be disposed within the interiorof an SCR housing, wherein the SCR mixer comprises: an inlet configuredto receive a flow of an exhaust solution that includes a mixture ofexhaust and diesel exhaust fluid; an intake conduit configured toreceive the flow of the exhaust solution from the inlet; a plurality ofJ-turn conduits configured to receive the flow of the exhaust solutionfrom the intake conduit, wherein each of the plurality of J-turnconduits is configured to change the direction of the flow of theexhaust solution by approximately 180 degrees; and a plurality ofexhaust conduits each configured to receive the flow of the exhaustsolution from a respective one of the plurality of J-turn conduits,wherein each of the plurality of exhaust conduits comprises a pluralityof outlets configured to direct the flow of the exhaust solution out ofthe SCR mixer and substantially parallel to a top surface of the SCRmodule; wherein a first cross-sectional area of the inlet, a secondcross-sectional area of the intake conduit, a third cross-sectional areaof the plurality of J-turn conduits, and a fourth cross-sectional areaof the plurality of exhaust conduits have a substantially circularcross-section, and wherein the first cross-sectional area, the secondcross-sectional area, the third cross-sectional area, and the fourthcross-sectional area are different from one another.
 18. The exhaustsystem of claim 17, wherein the plurality of outlets are distributedalong at least 80 percent of a longitudinal extent of each of theplurality of exhaust conduits.
 19. The exhaust system of claim 17,wherein the each of the plurality of outlets comprises a slot thatextends at least 10 degrees about a longitudinal axis.